(1)規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)壁壘 (2)絕對(duì)成本優(yōu)勢(shì)壁壘 (3)必要資本量壁壘 (4)網(wǎng)絡(luò)效應(yīng)壁壘 (5)產(chǎn)品差異化壁壘 (6)政策法律制度壁壘